Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

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Prepare for the Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science exam. Utilize flashcards and multiple-choice questions with hints and explanations to succeed in your certification.

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What causes a shadow to form?

  1. Absorption of light

  2. Reflection of light

  3. Inability of light waves to pass through an obstacle

  4. Scattering of light

The correct answer is: Inability of light waves to pass through an obstacle

A shadow forms primarily due to the inability of light waves to pass through an obstacle. When a light source illuminates an object, the object blocks the light from reaching the area behind it, resulting in a shadow. The region that is not illuminated becomes darker because the light waves are unable to travel through the solid object. This phenomenon relates directly to the behavior of light as it interacts with various materials. Different materials have varying degrees of opacity—transparent materials allow light to pass through, while opaque materials prevent light from passing, thereby creating a distinct shadow. Understanding the concept of light obstruction helps clarify why shadows are formed in different shapes and sizes depending on the light source's angle and the object's position. Other options, while related to light, do not entirely capture the key reason shadows are created. For instance, absorption of light pertains to the material taking in light rather than blocking it, reflection involves light bouncing off surfaces rather than being obstructed, and scattering describes how light spreads in different directions after hitting particles or surfaces, but does not inherently result in shadow formation.