Michigan Test for Teacher Certification (MTTC) Secondary Integrated Science Practice test

What is a major source of pollutants leading to acid rain?

1. Carbon dioxide combustion

2. Soot from buildings

3. Sulfur and nitrous oxides

4. Heavy metals from mining

The correct answer is: Sulfur and nitrous oxides

The major source of pollutants leading to acid rain is indeed sulfur and nitrous oxides. When these compounds are released into the atmosphere, often from industrial processes, vehicle emissions, and the burning of fossil fuels, they can undergo chemical reactions. This process of oxidation transforms them into sulfuric and nitric acids. When these acids mix with water vapor in the atmosphere, they lead to the formation of acid rain. This type of precipitation can have significant detrimental effects on the environment, including damage to forests, soils, and aquatic ecosystems, as well as contributing to the degradation of buildings and infrastructure. Understanding this mechanism highlights the importance of regulating emissions of sulfur and nitrous oxides to mitigate acid rain and protect environmental and human health.